Marosi Ernő (szerk.): On the Stage of Europe. The millennial contribution of Hungary to the idea of European Community (Budapest, 2009)
Romsics Ignác: Interruption ad continuity in the twentieth century history of Hungary
pass the laws of entailment and the oneninth tax; the Golden Bull is re-endorsed. 1356 Louis I declares war on Venice. 1358, 18 February The Zara Treaty ends the Hungarian-Venetian wars. 1367, 1 September The pope approves the foundation of the University of Pécs. 1370,17 November Louis I is crowned king of Poland. 1372-1373, 1378-1381 New wars against Venice. 1381 In Turin, Louis I makes peace with Venice. He has the relics of Saint Paul the hermit transported from Venice to Hungary and buried in the Pauline monastery in Budaszentlőrinc. 1382 Queen Mary, daughter of Louis the Great, ascends the throne. (She rules until 1395; only nominally from 1386.) 1384, 15 October The Poles elect Mary's younger sister Hedwig (Jadwiga) queen of Poland. The personal union of Hungary and Poland ends. 1385, August Queen Mary marries Sigismund of Luxembourg in Buda. 1385, 31 December-24 February 1386 The reign of King Charles II the Small. 1386, 25 July Subjects of Charles II capture Queen Mary and her mother. Queen Mother Elisabeth is strangled in January 1387 and Mary is released in June. 1387, 31 March-9 December 1437 The reign of Sigismund of Luxembourg. 1389,15 June In the battle of Kosovo Polje the Ottomans defeat the army of the South Slav rulers. 1395, 6 October The pope approves the foundation of the University of Óbuda. (It is refounded in 1410 and finally closes in 1418.) 1396, 28 September King Sigismund's army is defeated by Sultan Bayezid I (the Thunderbolt) at Nicopolis. 1397, October The diet at Temesvár passes military laws (setting up a militia portalis) and laws on the movement of serfs. 1405, 15 April King Sigismund's so-called Decree of Towns. 1408, December The foundation of the chivalric Dragon order. 1410, 20 September Sigismund is elected Holy Roman king by the German electors. 1412 Sigismund pledges sixteen towns in Zips (Szepesség, Spis) to the king of Poland. 1414-1418 The Council of Constance. 1417, 19 September The cardinals recognise the Hungarian king's right of advowson. 1428 The Hussites break into North Hungary and hold several areas under control until the 1460s. 1433, 31 May In Rome, Pope Eugene IV crowns Sigismund Holy Roman emperor. 1436,23 August Sigismund enters Prague and takes over the rule of Bohemia. 1437 The outbreak of a peasant revolt in Transylvania. 1437, 18 December Albert of Habsburg is elected king. He ascends the throne on 1 January 1438 and reigns until 1439. 1440, 8 March King Wladislas III of Poland ascends the Hungarian throne as Wladislas I of Hungary; he reigns until 1444. 1440, 15 May Ladislaus, posthumous son of King Albert, is crowned with the Holy Crown of Hungary stolen from Visegrád. 1443, July-January 1444 Long campaign of Wladislas I and John Hunyadi against the Ottomans. 1444, 10 November The defeat at Varna; the death of Wladislas 1. 1445, 7 May The Pest Diet recognises the child Ladislaus V as king. The Privy Council acts as governor; seven captains are appointed to lead the country. 1446, 6 June-January 1453 The governorship of John Hunyadi. 1448, October John Hunyadi is defeated by the Ottomans in the second battle of Kosovo Polje. 1452, September Ladislaus V takes over power (and rules until 1457). 1456, 22 July János Hunyadi relieves Belgrade (Nándorfehérvár), besieged by the Ottomans. 1456, 11 August The death of John Hunyadi. 1456, 9 November John Hunyadi's son László has Captain Ulrik Ciliéi, the king's relative, assassinated. 1457, 16 March Ladislaus V has László Hunyadi executed. He imprisons his younger brother Mátyás (the future King Matthias). 1457, 23 November Ladislaus V dies in Prague. 1458, 24 January The diet elects Matthias (Hunyadi) I king. He rules until 1490. 1459, 17 February Emperor Frederick III is elected counter-king. 1462, April-May King Matthias reaches a compromise with Jan Jiskra, leader of the Hussites in Upper Hungary. 1463, 19 July King Matthias and Emperor Frederick III make peace in Wiener Neustadt. 1464, 29 March King Matthias is crowned in Székesfehérvár. 1467, 20 July The University of Pozsony, the Academia Istropolitana opens (anc continues to exist for a few years only). 1467, August-September In Kolozsmonostor, the three nations of Transylvania establish an 331